Ukuhlanza indawo yokugcina imithwalo kungumsebenzi ojwayelekile kodwa onobungozi obukhulu ezithwalweni ezinkulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zomoya ezicindezelwe, kanye nokuba khona kwezindawo zokusebenza eziphakeme kudinga ukuthobela ngokuqinile imigomo yokuphepha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-intshi eli-1 noma eli-1/2.ikhithi yokuhlanza impahla, abaqhubi kudingeka balandele izinyathelo ezifanele zokuqinisekisa ukuthi kuhlanzwa kahle ngenkathi bevikela abasebenzi, imishini, kanye nomkhumbi.
Lesi sihloko sichaza izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokusebenzisa, ezithathwe ezincwadini zemiyalelo ezisemthethweni, futhi sihlose ukusiza abanikazi bemikhumbi, abaqhubi, kanye namalungu eqembu ekwenzeni imisebenzi yokuhlanza izimpahla ngokuphepha nangokunembile.
1. Buyekeza futhi Uqonde Incwadi Yemiyalelo ngaphambi Kokusebenzisa
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ikhithi yokuhlanza impahla, bonke abasebenzi abathintekayo kumele bafunde kahle futhi baqonde incwadi yemiyalelo. Uhlelo luhloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali anomfutho ophansi futhi kufanele lusetshenziswe kuphela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yalo enqunyiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kabi, ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile, noma ukuphambuka ezinqubweni ezinconywayo kungaholela ekulimaleni kwemishini, ekuvezweni kwamakhemikhali, noma ekulimaleni komuntu siqu.
Abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kuphela okufanele baphathe imishini, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa izinto zokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali.
2. Ukusetshenziswa Okuphoqelekile Kwezinto Zokuzivikela Zomuntu Siqu (i-PPE)
Imisebenzi yokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali ibeka izingozi eziqondile esikhumbeni, emehlweni, nasezinhlelweni zokuphefumula. Izincwadi zisho ngokusobala ukuthi iphampu akumelwe neze isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwe-PPE efanele. Imishini yokuvikela edingekayo ihlanganisa:
• Amagilavu e-nitrile amelana nama-asidi nama-alkali
• Isudi yokuvikela yamakhemikhali egcwele umzimba wonke
• Ama-gumboots okuphepha anezinzwane zensimbi amelana nama-acid nama-alkali
• Imaski yegesi noma isivikelo sokuphefumula esifanele
Zonke izinto zokuvikela kumele zigqokwe kahle futhi zilungiswe kahle ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Izingubo zokuzivikela ezigqokwe kabi, imaski engafaneleki kahle, noma ukusebenzisa amagilavu angahambisani kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela. Izincwadi zigcizelela ukuthi ukunganaki izinqubo ze-PPE kungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu nokuthi opharetha unesibopho.
3. Qapha Imingcele Yokucindezela Kokusebenza kanye Nezinga Lokushisa
Amakhithi okuhlanza imithwalo aklanyelwe ngqo ukusebenza ngomfutho ophansi kuphela. Umfutho ophakeme onconywayo wokusebenza yi-100 PSI (8 bar). Ukudlula lo mkhawulo kungabangela umonakalo kuphampu ye-diaphragm ye-pneumatic, amapayipi, noma izingxenye zesifutho, futhi kungadala izimo zokufutha eziyingozi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo kufanele lusetshenziswe kuphela ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obuphakathi kuka-0°C kuya ku-40°C (32°F kuya ku-104°F) ezindaweni eziyingozi. Ukusebenza ngaphandle kwalolu bubanzi obubekiwe kungathinta kabi ukusebenza kwephampu kanye nobuqotho bezinto zokwakha.
4. Sebenzisa Umoya Ocindezelwe Kuphela Njengomthombo Wamandla
Zombili izinhlelo ezingama-intshi angu-1 kanye no-1/2 ziqhutshwa umoya futhi kumele zinikwe amandla ngomoya ocindezelwe kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yimaphi amanye amagesi noma imithombo yamandla akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Imigqa yokuhambisa umoya exhunywe ephampini kufanele ifane nosayizi wembobo yokungena noma ibe nosayizi owodwa omkhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokulawulwa kwesivinini okufanele.
Ukuze kugwenywe ukushisa ngokweqile, injini yomoya kufanele icishwe imizuzu eyi-15-30 ngemva kokusebenza njalo emahoreni ayi-8 okuqhubekayo.
5. Qinisekisa Ukuhlanganiswa Okufanele Nokuxhumeka Okuphephile
Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuhlanza, qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zihlanganiswe kahle:
• Namathisela ngokuphephile ipayipi lokukhipha amakhemikhali phakathi kwephampu nesibhamu sokufafaza se-telescopic.
• Faka i-spray nozzle efanele yomsebenzi othile wokuhlanza.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ipayipi lokumunca libekwe kahle ngaphakathi kwesigubhu samakhemikhali.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izihlanganisi ezisheshayo zixhumene ngokugcwele.
Ukuxhuma okuxekethile kungabangela ukuvuza, ukulahlekelwa yingcindezi, noma ukuchitheka kwamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ingozi yokulimala futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanza.
6. Landela Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Ezifanele
Ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe njalo kusetshenziswa indlela yokusuka phezulu iye phansi. Indawo yokugcina impahla kufanele ihlukaniswe ngezindawo zokuhlanza ezingaba amamitha angu-3-4 ububanzi, indawo ngayinye ihlanzwe izikhathi eziningi ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okwanele kwamakhemikhali.
Abasebenzi kumele bayeke ukuhlanza lapho befika endaweni engezansi ye-hopper, engaba amamitha amathathu ngaphansi kobuso obuqondile, futhi kumele balungise ubude be-telescopic pole ngaphambi kokuqhubekela endaweni elandelayo. Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukuphepha, iqinisekisa ukuhlanzwa okufanayo, futhi inciphisa ukukhathala kwabasebenzi.
7. Ukuphathwa Kwamakhemikhali Nokuqwashisa Ngesikhathi Sokuhlala
Isikhathi sokuhlala kwamakhemikhali okuhlanza singahluka kusukela kumaminithi ayi-10 kuya emahoreni ama-2, kuye ngokuthi amakhemikhali athile asetshenziswayo kanye nezici zemvelo ezifana nokushisa nomswakama. Abasebenzi kudingeka balandele izincomo ezinikezwa abahlinzeki bamakhemikhali futhi bagweme ukuvezwa isikhathi eside okungalimaza upende noma izindawo zensimbi.
Izinto ezifakwe kuma-kit okuhlanza zifanele ama-asidi, izinyibilikisi, uketshezi oluvuthayo, kanye nezinto zokuhlanza; noma kunjalo, ukuhambisana kumele kuqinisekiswe njalo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
8. Ukugcinwa Nokuphepha Ngemva Kokusebenza
Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukulungiswa noma ukuhlanza imishini:
• Nqamula ngokuphelele ukunikezwa komoya
• Vula yonke imigqa yomoya ukuze kuqedwe ingcindezi esele
• Hlanza imishini endaweni enomoya omuhle
Izinyibilikisi ezivuthayo, okuhlanganisa ne-parafini, akumelwe zisetshenziswe ukuhlanza imishini. Ukugcinwa kahle kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okulandelayo.
Isiphetho
Amakhithi okuhlanza impahla engamasentimitha angu-1 kanye no-1/2 ayithuluzi elithembekile nelisebenzayo uma esetshenziswa kahle. Ngokunamathela ngokuqinile emikhawulweni yokusebenza, ukugqoka imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu efanele (i-PPE), kanye nokulandela izinqubo zokuhlanza nokulungisa ezifanele, abaqhubi banganciphisa kakhulu izingozi ngenkathi bethola imiphumela ephumelelayo yokuhlanza impahla.
Ukuthobela lezi zinyathelo zokuqapha akuyona nje indaba yokunamathela emithethweni kodwa kusho ukuzibophezela ekuphepheni okusesikebheni, ukuqina kwemishini, kanye nokugcinwa komkhumbi ngobungcweti.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-05-2026