Kuyesa Mabuleki
Potsatira miyezo ya OCIMF, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso a mphamvu ya mabuleki pa winch ya Mooring musanaperekedwe, chaka chilichonse, komanso kutsatira kukonza kulikonse kapena zochitika zazikulu zomwe zingakhudze mphamvu ya mabuleki. Kutengera zotsatira za mayesowa, buleki idzakonzedwa bwino kuti ikwaniritse mphamvu ya mabuleki ya 60% mpaka 80% ya 60% ya breaking load (MBL) ya chingwe cholumikizira. Kusintha kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti ngati mphamvu yakunja ipitirira mphamvu ya mabuleki yosankhidwa, winch ya Mooring idzatulutsidwa yokha, motero kupewa kusweka kulikonse kapena kuwonongeka kwa winch ya Mooring.
Kanema woyeserera mphamvu ya mabuleki:
Kuyesa ndi Kusintha kwa Mphamvu ya Mabuleki
Yambani mwa kuwunikanso chitsimikizo cha chingwe ndi zina zofunika, pamodzi ndi miyeso yamunda, kuti musonkhanitse deta yofunikira ya chipale chofewa kuti muwerenge. Chophimba cha jack ndi mooring, chokhala ndi choyezera kuthamanga, chiyenera kukhala ndi malo otsekera jack youma kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo otsekera.
Fomula yowerengera ndi iyi: T = FxLI/L2 (Kn).
Mu fomula iyi, T ikuyimira mphamvu ya jack yowerengedwa (mu Kn), yomwe iyenera kudziwika kutengera mphamvu yochepa yosweka ya chingwe cha sitimayo. Kuwerengera kumeneku kudzapereka kuwerenga kwa mphamvu ya jack komwe kukugwirizana ndi mphamvu yosweka yofunikira, yomwe ndi 60% kapena 80% ya mphamvu yosweka ya chingwe. F ikuwonetsa mphamvu ya braking ya winch yolumikizira (mu Kn). Ll ndi mtunda wochokera pakati pa roller ya winch yolumikizira mpaka pakati pa chingwe, wowerengedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa radius yamkati yozungulira ndi radius ya chingwe. L2 ikuwonetsa mtunda wopingasa kuchokera pakati pa bracket ya jack kupita ku central axis.
Njira Yoyesera:
1. Gwiritsani ntchito winch yolumikizira kuti muchotse chinyezi, mafuta, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a mabuleki.
2. Lumikizani bwino chipangizo choyesera ku winch yolumikizira, onetsetsani kuti mabuleki ali olimba kufika pamlingo woyenera, ndikuchotsa clutch ya winch.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito jeki kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu, ndikuyang'anira kuwerenga kwa mphamvu ya brake pamene brake ikuyamba kutsika, ndikulemba mtengo womwe wawonedwa.
4. Ngati kuwerengera kutsika pansi pa mtengo wokonzedweratu, izi zikusonyeza mphamvu yokwanira ya mabuleki, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabuleki amangidwe kapena kukonzedwa, kenako kuyesedwanso.
5. Ngati kuwerengako kukugwirizana ndi mtengo wowerengedwa, kumatsimikizira kuti mphamvu ya mabuleki ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa.
6. Ngati chingwe cholumikizira sichikutsetsereka pamene kuwerenga kwa jeke kukupitirira mtengo wowerengedwa, izi zikusonyeza kuti brake ndi yolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya brake ikhale yochulukirapo. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ya brake iyenera kuchepetsedwa posintha screw ya brake, kenako ndikuyesanso.
Mabomba ambiri amachita kusintha mphamvu ya mabuleki awoawo, nthawi zambiri mwa kusintha screw yoletsa pa chogwirira cha mabuleki kuti azitha kulimbitsa mabuleki kuti apeze mphamvu yoyenera.
Pa zogwirira mabuleki zopanda zomangira zoletsa, munthu akhoza kuzindikira malo a buleki atamangiriridwa (mogwirizana ndi mphamvu ya breki yomwe akufuna) ndikulemba chizindikiro cha breki ndi bande la breki pamalowo (kupanga chizindikiro cha malire pa screw ya breki). M'tsogolomu, kulinganiza zizindikiro zapamwamba ndi zapansi kudzasonyeza kuti mphamvu ya breki pamlingo uwu ikugwirizana ndi mphamvu ya breki yomwe yakhazikitsidwa.
Mukamaliza kuyesa mabuleki, tsiku loyeserera ndi mphamvu yoyezera mabuleki ziyenera kuwonetsedwa bwino pa winch yolumikizira mabuleki ndikulembedwa mosamala mu chipika chosungira zida zolumikizira mabuleki.
Njira Zotetezera Zomangira Mabokosi
Kuwonjezera pa kuyesa ndi kusintha mphamvu ya mabuleki nthawi zonse, chisamaliro chiyeneranso kuperekedwa ku zinthu zotsatirazi panthawi yogwirira ntchito:
Kutanuka kwa Mooring:Kutanuka kwa zingwe zomangira zingwe kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakugawa mphamvu yonse yomwe sitimayo imagwiritsa ntchito pakati pa zingwe zomangira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zingwe ziwiri zomangira zofanana kukula ndi zinthu zalumikizidwa ku doko mbali imodzi koma zimasiyana kutalika—chimodzi kukhala chotalika kawiri kuposa china—chingwe chachifupicho chidzapirira magawo awiri mwa atatu a katundu, pomwe chingwe chachitali chidzatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu okha. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zomangira zofanana kutalika kulikonse ngati n'kotheka.
Ngati zingwe ziwiri zomangira zili ndi kutalika kofanana, zili ndi mphamvu yofanana yosweka, ndipo zili mbali imodzi koma zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zosiyanasiyana—monga chingwe chachitsulo chokhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.5% ndi chingwe cha ulusi wopangidwa chokhala ndi kutalika kwa 30%—kugawa katundu sikudzakhala kofanana kwambiri. Chingwe chachitsulo chidzanyamula 95% ya katundu, pomwe chingwe cha ulusi chidzathandiza 5% yokha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe za chinthu chomwecho pomangira zingwe mbali imodzi.
Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti kuonetsetsa kuti sitimayo ili otetezeka panthawi yoikira (yosungira yotetezeka) sikuti kumangotanthauza kugwirizana ndi kusinthasintha kokha komanso kumvetsetsa bwino zida zoikira zosungiramo sitimayo, kumvetsetsa bwino mfundo zoikira zosungiramo, komanso kukonzekera bwino ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito. Njira yosungira malo a sitimayo pamalo oimikapo imayamba kokha sitimayo itakhazikika, zomwe zimasonyeza kuyamba kwa machitidwe opitilira a upamadzi.
Mphamvu Yotsekera ya Winch Braking:Mphamvu ya mabuleki ya winch yolumikizira mabuleki imasiyanasiyana pa chombo chilichonse ndipo imapangidwa kutengera mphamvu ya "kumasula chingwe" yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe. Mphamvu imeneyi imakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo za chingwe ndi komwe zimayenda. Kuchuluka kwa zigawo za chingwe pa ng'oma kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ya mabuleki ya makina olumikizira mabuleki. Pa makina olumikizira mabuleki omwe alibe ma ng'oma olekanitsa, mphamvu ya mabuleki nthawi zambiri imalinganizidwa kuti igwirizane ndi zigawo zingapo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zingwezo zakulungidwa bwino pa ng'oma popanda kusonkhana mbali imodzi, chifukwa izi zitha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mabuleki. Pankhani ya ma wirechi a chingwe okhala ndi ma wire olekanitsa, ndikofunikira kusunga chingwe choposa chimodzi pa ng'oma yamphamvu kuti mupewe kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mabuleki.
Kupindika bwino kwa chingwe ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kupindika kosayenera kungayambitse kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mabuleki ndi 50%.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mabuleki Molakwika:Ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito molakwika mabuleki kuti atsegule chingwe chikakhala ndi mphamvu, zomwe ndi njira yolakwika. Kuchita izi kungayambitse kuwonongeka kosagwirizana kwa lamba wa mabuleki ndipo kumabweretsa zoopsa chifukwa cha kusalamulirika kwake. Ngati katundu wokwanira wayikidwa mwadzidzidzi pa chingwe chomasuka, chingasweke, zomwe zingachititse ngozi. Njira yoyenera imaphatikizapo kuyika clutch ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti atsegule chingwecho pang'onopang'ono.
Njira Yokokera Mulu wa Chingwe cha Nayiloni:Mukamangirira chingwe cha nayiloni ku mulu, pewani kudalira mfundo ya "∞" yokha kuti muyimange. M'malo mwake, tembenuzani kawiri (ndipo ena akulangizani kuti mutembenuke kamodzi, koma osapitirira kawiri) kuti mukoke chingwecho mbali ya sitimayo, kenako mupange mfundo ya "∞" (ya milu yayikulu yomangira) kapena kukulunga milu iwiri kamodzi musanapange mfundo ya "∞" (ya milu yaying'ono yomangira). Njira imeneyi imalola kuti chingwecho chizilamuliridwa bwino komanso kuti chitetezo chikhale chotetezeka.
Malo Oopsa Panthawi Yosweka kwa Chingwe:Mbali yoopsa kwambiri ya zingwe zopangidwa ndi ulusi wachilengedwe imachitika pamene chingwe chimasweka ndikubwerera m'mbuyo mosayembekezereka. Chingwe chopanikizika chikaduka, chimatulutsa mphamvu yosungidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawo pakati pa malo osweka ndi malo owongolera libwerere m'mbuyo mwachangu. Anthu omwe ali m'dera lobwerera m'mbuyo ali pachiwopsezo chovulala kwambiri kapena kufa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zingwe apewe malo oopsa awa, makamaka pamene chingwecho chili ndi mphamvu yayikulu, chifukwa zingwe zopangidwa ndi ulusi wachilengedwe zimatha kusweka mwadzidzidzi komanso popanda chenjezo.
Malangizo Oteteza Pokonza Malo Okhala:Kugwira ntchito kwa chingwe pamutu wa ng'oma sikuyenera kuchitidwa ndi munthu m'modzi. Munthu wachiwiri amafunika kuchotsa kapena kuyika chingwe chotseka kuti athandize woyendetsa ng'omayo. Mukamagwira zingwe za waya kapena nayiloni, ndikofunikira kusunga mtunda wotetezeka kuchokera ku ng'omayo, chifukwa chingwecho chingadumphe ndikuyika pachiwopsezo cha kuvulala m'manja mwanu. Nthawi zonse sungani mtunda wotetezeka kuchokera ku chingwecho.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-24-2025