Ukuhlolwa Kwamabhuleki
Ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-OCIMF, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwamandla amabhuleki ku-Mooring winch ngaphambi kokulethwa, minyaka yonke, futhi kulandelwe noma yikuphi ukulungiswa noma izehlakalo ezibalulekile ezingathinta amandla amabhuleki. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo, ibhuleki lizolungiswa kahle ukuze kufezwe umthamo wokubhuleka ongu-60% kuya ku-80% womthwalo omncane wokuphuka (MBL) wekhebula lokubambelela. Lokhu kulungiswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma amandla angaphandle edlula amandla amabhuleki aqokiwe, i-Mooring winch izokhululeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele noma yikuphi ukuphuka okungenzeka noma ukulimala kwe-Mooring winch.
Ividiyo yesimiso sokuhlola amandla okubhuleka:
Ukuhlolwa Nokulungiswa Kwamandla Okubhuleka
Qala ngokubukeza isitifiketi sekhebula kanye nolunye ulwazi olufanele, kanye nokulinganisa insimu, ukuze uqoqe idatha yeqhwa edingekayo yokubala. I-jack kanye ne-mooring winch, efakwe i-pressure gauge, kumele ifake isikhala sokubopha i-dry jack noma ukusebenzisa ama-clamping bolts.
Ifomula yokubala imi kanje: T = FxLI/L2 (Kn).
Kule fomula, u-T umele amandla e-jack abaliwe (ku-Kn), okufanele anqunywe ngokusekelwe emandleni okuphuka okuncane kwekhebula lomkhumbi. Lokhu kubalwa kuzoveza ukufundwa kwamandla e-jack okuhambisana namandla okuphuka adingekayo, okungaba ngu-60% noma u-80% wamandla okuphuka kwekhebula. U-F umele amandla okuphuka kwe-winch yokubambelela (ku-Kn). U-Ll ibanga elivela enkabeni ye-roller ye-winch yokubambelela kuya enkabeni yekhebula, elibalwa njengesamba se-radius yangaphakathi ye-roller kanye ne-radius yekhebula. U-L2 ubonisa ibanga eliqondile elivela enkabeni ye-bracket ye-jack kuya ku-axis ephakathi.
Inqubo Yokuhlola:
1. Sebenzisa i-winch yokubopha ukuze ususe noma yimuphi umswakama, amafutha, noma ezinye izinto ezingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwama-brake pad.
2. Xhuma idivayisi yokuhlola kahle ku-winch yokubopha, qiniseka ukuthi amabhuleki aqiniswe ezingeni elijwayelekile, bese ukhipha i-clutch ye-winch.
3. Sebenzisa ijekhi ukufaka ingcindezi, bese uqapha ukufundwa kwesilinganiso sokucindezela ngesikhathi ibhuleki liqala ukushelela, urekhode inani elibonwe.
4. Uma ukufundwa kwehlela ngaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, lokhu kubonisa amandla anele ebhuleki, okudinga ukuqinisa noma ukulungiswa kwebhuleki, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa kabusha.
5. Uma ukufundwa kuhambisana nenani elibalwe, kuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla amabhuleki ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezibekiwe.
6. Uma i-winch yokubopha ingasheleli ngenkathi ukufundwa kwe-jack kudlula inani elibalwe, lokhu kusho ukuthi ibhuleki liqine kakhulu, okuholela emandleni amabhuleki ngokweqile. Kulesi simo, amandla amabhuleki kufanele ancishiswe ngokulungisa isikulufu samabhuleki, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa kabusha.
Imikhumbi eminingi yenza ukulungiswa kwamandla ayo okubhuleka, ngokuvamile ngokushintsha isikulufu esilinganiselwe esibambweni sokubhuleka ukuze kulawulwe ukuqina kwebhuleki ukuze kutholakale amandla afanele.
Uma izibambo zamabhuleki zingenazo izikulufo ezinqunyelwe, umuntu angabona indawo ngemva kokuba ibhuleki liqinisiwe (elihambisana namandla okubhuleka afunwayo) bese emaka kokubili isibambo samabhuleki kanye nebhendi yamabhuleki kulelo phuzu (ukudala uphawu lomkhawulo esikulufini samabhuleki). Emisebenzini yesikhathi esizayo, ukuvumelanisa izimpawu eziphezulu nezingezansi kuzobonisa ukuthi amandla okubhuleka kuleli zinga ahambisana namandla okubhuleka asethiwe.
Ngemva kokuqeda ukuhlolwa kwebhuleki, usuku lokuhlolwa kanye namandla okubhuleka alinganisiwe kufanele kuboniswe ngokugqamile ku-winch yokubambelela futhi kubhalwe ngokucophelela kulogi yokulungisa imishini yokubambelela.
Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Zokubopha
Ngaphezu kokuhlola nokulungisa amandla amabhuleki njalo, kufanele futhi kuqashelwe izici ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokubophela:
Ukunwebeka kwe-Mooring:Ukuqina kwezintambo zokubopha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusatshalalisweni kwamandla aphelele asetshenziswa umkhumbi phakathi kwezintambo zokubopha. Isibonelo, uma izintambo ezimbili zokubopha ezinobukhulu obufanayo nezinto ezifanayo ziboshwe echwebeni ngendlela efanayo kodwa zihlukile ngobude—enye ide kabili kunenye—ikhebula elifushane lizobekezelela izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomthwalo, kuyilapho ikhebula elide lizothatha ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa izintambo zokubopha ezinobude obulinganayo noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
Ezimweni lapho izintambo ezimbili zokubopha zinobude obufanayo, zinamandla afanayo okuphuka, futhi ziqondiswe ohlangothini olufanayo kodwa zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene—njengekhebula lensimbi elinobude obungu-1.5% kanye nekhebula le-fiber elenziwe ngokwenziwa elinobude obungu-30%—ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo ngeke kungalingani kakhulu. Ikhebula lensimbi lizothwala umthwalo ongu-95%, kanti intambo ye-fiber izosekela u-5% kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izintambo zezinto ezifanayo ukufaka izintambo ohlangothini olufanayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhumbi ngesikhathi sokubophela (ukubopha okuphephile) akubandakanyi nje ukubambisana kanye nokuvumelana kodwa futhi nokuqonda okuphelele kwemishini yokubophela umkhumbi, ukuqonda kahle izimiso zokubophela, kanye nokuhlela ngokucophelela kanye nokusebenza. Inqubo yokugcina indawo yomkhumbi endaweni yokumisa iqala kuphela ngemva kokuba umkhumbi usuqinisekisiwe, okuphawula ukuqala kwemikhuba eqhubekayo yokudoba ngomkhumbi.
Amandla Okubopha I-Winch Yokubopha:Amandla okubhuleka kwe-winch yokubopha ayahlukahluka kumkhumbi ngamunye futhi aklanywa ngokusekelwe emandleni “okukhulula ikhebula” asetshenziswa kukhebula. La mandla athonywa inani lezingqimba zekhebula kanye nesiqondiso sokujika. Inani lezingqimba zekhebula kudrama lithinta kakhulu amandla okubhuleka kwesistimu yokubopha. Emishinini yokubopha engenazo izigubhu zokuhlukanisa, amandla okubhuleka ngokuvamile alinganiswa ngenani elithile lezingqimba. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo ziboshwe kahle kudrama ngaphandle kokuqongelela ohlangothini olulodwa, njengoba lokhu kunganciphisa amandla okubhuleka. Endabeni yama-winch ekhebula afakwe izigubhu zokuhlukanisa, kubalulekile ukugcina ungqimba olungaphezu kolulodwa lwekhebula kudrama yokuqinisa ukuvimbela ukwehla kwamandla okubhuleka.
Ukugoqa kahle kwekhebula kubalulekile, njengoba ukugoqa okungafanele kungaholela ekunciphiseni amandla okubhuleka afinyelela ku-50%.
Ukusetshenziswa Okungalungile Kwebhuleki:Amalungu eqembu avame ukusebenzisa amabhuleki ngephutha ukukhulula ikhebula uma lingaphansi kokucindezeleka, okuyindlela engalungile. Lo mkhuba ungaholela ekugugeni okungalingani kwebhande lebhuleki futhi ubeka izingozi zokuphepha ngenxa yemvelo yalo engalawuleki. Uma umthwalo olinganiselayo ufakwa ngokuzumayo ekhebulani elingakhululwanga, ungase uqhekeke, okuholela ezingozini ezingaba khona. Indlela efanele ihilela ukubopha i-clutch nokusebenzisa amandla ukukhulula ikhebula ngobumnene.
Indlela Yokudonsa Inqwaba Yezintambo Ze-Nylon:Uma ubopha ikhebula le-nylon enqwabeni, gwema ukuthembela kuphela efindweni elithi “∞” ukuze uqinise. Kunalokho, yenza amajika amabili (abanye batusa ukujika okukodwa, kodwa kungadluli amabili) ukuze uqale udonse ikhebula ohlangothini lomkhumbi, kulandele ukwakha ifindo elithi “∞” (lamaqoqo amakhulu okubopha) noma ukugoqa amaqoqo amabili kanye ngaphambi kokudala ifindo elithi “∞” (lamaqoqo amancane okubopha). Le ndlela ivumela ukulawula kangcono ikhebula futhi ithuthukise ukuphepha.
Indawo Eyingozi Ngesikhathi Sokuphuka Kwekhebula:Isici esiyingozi kakhulu sezintambo zefayibha zokwenziwa senzeka lapho ikhebula liphuka futhi libuya ngokungazelelwe. Lapho ikhebula elicindezelekile liphuma, likhipha amandla agciniwe, okwenza ingxenye ephakathi kwendawo yokuphuka nendawo yokulawula ibuyele emuva ngokushesha. Abantu abakhona endaweni yokubuya basengozini yokulimala okukhulu noma ngisho nokufa. Ngenxa yalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi abaqhubi bezintambo bagweme le ndawo eyingozi, ikakhulukazi lapho ikhebula lingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu, njengoba izintambo zefayibha zokwenziwa zingaphuka ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Iziqondiso Zokuphepha Zokubopha Imikhumbi:Ukusebenza kwekhebula ekhanda lesigubhu akufanele kwenziwe ngumuntu oyedwa. Kudingeka umuntu wesibili ukuze asuse noma anikeze intambo evulekile ukusiza umqhubi ophethe isigubhu. Uma uphatha izintambo zocingo noma ze-nylon, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga eliphephile ukusuka esigubhuni, njengoba ikhebula lingase "ligxume" futhi libe yingozi yokulimala ezingalweni zakho. Hlala ugcina ibanga eliphephile ukusuka esigubhuni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-24-2025